Frame Size and Geometry: Starting with the Basics
Frame size is where you start, not where you finish. A frame that's too small leaves you hunched. Too large and you're reaching too far. You want to stand over the frame with feet flat on the ground — there should be 1-2 inches of clearance between your body and the top tube.
For coastal cycling, you're after relaxed geometry. That means a longer wheelbase for stability and a slightly higher handlebar position. Dropped racing bars sound sleek, but they'll have you straining your neck and shoulders after an hour. Flat or slightly upturned bars let you sit upright, which spreads your weight better and reduces strain on your wrists and lower back.
The Comfort Test
When you're sitting on the saddle with hands on the bars, your elbows should have a slight bend. Not locked straight, not folded tight. That's your sweet spot.